Glutathione

Glutathione (GSH) is a small protein (tripeptide) made of three amino acids: cysteine, glycine, and glutamate. It is present in nearly every cell and plays several critical roles:

• Neutralizing free radicals: Protects cells from oxidative stress and damage.
• Detoxification: Supports liver function by helping neutralize and eliminate toxins and pollutants.
• Immune support: Helps maintain healthy immune cells like NK cells and lymphocytes.
• Regenerating other antioxidants: Helps recycle Vitamins C and E back into their active forms.

Research and clinical use suggest potential benefits across several systems:

• Cellular health & detox: Reduces oxidative stress and supports natural detox pathways.
• Liver health: May help reduce cell damage and support liver function (e.g., NAFLD).
• Metabolic health: May improve insulin sensitivity in people with insulin resistance.
• Immune function: Supports T-cell and Natural Killer (NK) cell activity.

Glutathione can have a skin-brightening effect, but this use is controversial and not its primary medical purpose.

How it may work:

• Inhibits tyrosinase, an enzyme needed for melanin (pigment) production.
• Shifts pigment production toward lighter pheomelanin and away from darker eumelanin.

Some studies show modest, reversible brightening or reduced hyperpigmentation with oral or topical forms. However, high-dose IV glutathione used solely for full-body skin lightening has raised safety concerns, and some regulators have issued warnings due to potential kidney, liver, and allergic risks.

The main concern with standard oral glutathione capsules is poor absorption. The peptide can be broken down in the digestive tract before reaching the bloodstream in meaningful amounts.

Improved delivery methods include:

• IV glutathione (like at Nu Health): Direct infusion into the bloodstream, providing near 100% bioavailability and immediate systemic effects.
• Liposomal glutathione: Encapsulates GSH in tiny fat bubbles (liposomes) to protect it from digestion and enhance absorption through the gut.
• Sublingual forms: Absorbed under the tongue directly into the bloodstream, bypassing much of the gut.

When given in appropriate doses by a licensed professional, glutathione is generally well tolerated. Still, you should be aware of the following:

• Oral supplements: May cause mild GI upset (bloating, cramps) at high doses.
• Inhaled forms: Not recommended for people with asthma, as they may worsen bronchial constriction.
• Long-term use: Prolonged daily supplementation may lower zinc levels; monitoring is advised.
• IV therapy: Rare risks include vein irritation, infection at the injection site, allergic reactions, or organ stress (especially with non-regulated high doses).
• Pregnancy & breastfeeding: Safety has not been well-established, so use is generally not recommended.

This FAQ is for educational purposes only and does not replace medical advice. Always consult with a licensed healthcare provider to determine whether glutathione (oral, IV, or other forms) is appropriate and safe for you.